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Subject

Cosmology

The structure of the cosmos — heavens, underworlds, world-ages and cosmic cycles.

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Mesopotamian Cosmogony: The Enūma eliš and the Sumerian–Akkadian Creation Traditions
How the peoples of ancient Iraq told the beginning of the world, from Sumerian fragments of the third millennium BCE to the Babylonian Epic of Creation.
Mesopotamia (Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian) · c. 2400 BCE (earliest manuscript)

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Nibiru and “The Twelfth Planet”: What the Babylonian Sources Say
Not supported In the cuneiform texts nēberu, "crossing", is a name for a visible star of the god Marduk, usually the planet Jupiter, and for a station Marduk fixes in the sky; no text describes an unseen planet, a 3,600-year orbit or a collision, and sky surveys have found no such planet.